Policy Reference

United States

Explore US crypto laws, including SEC and CFTC oversight, exchange rules, taxes, AML compliance, and digital asset regulation.

SEC and CFTC, with FinCEN for AML/MSB obligations

State Explorer

United States state crypto law tracker

Track state-level crypto legislation, strategic reserve proposals, licensing regimes, and enforcement frameworks.

50States tracked 41With profiles
Interactive United States map showing state-level crypto law coverage status.
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Alabama AL In progress 1 profile Alaska AK In progress 0 profiles Arizona AZ Active framework 4 profiles Arkansas AR Active framework 3 profiles California CA Comprehensive framework 3 profiles Colorado CO Active framework 2 profiles Connecticut CT Active framework 2 profiles Delaware DE Active framework 3 profiles Florida FL Active framework 3 profiles Georgia GA Active framework 3 profiles Hawaii HI Active framework 0 profiles Idaho ID In progress 2 profiles Illinois IL Comprehensive framework 5 profiles Indiana IN Active framework 1 profile Iowa IA Active framework 3 profiles Kansas KS Active framework 2 profiles Kentucky KY Active framework 0 profiles Louisiana LA Comprehensive framework 3 profiles Maine ME In progress 2 profiles Maryland MD Active framework 3 profiles Massachusetts MA In progress 3 profiles Michigan MI Active framework 3 profiles Minnesota MN Active framework 2 profiles Mississippi MS Active framework 0 profiles Missouri MO Active framework 1 profile Montana MT Active framework 2 profiles Nebraska NE Active framework 3 profiles Nevada NV Active framework 2 profiles New Hampshire NH Active framework 2 profiles New Jersey NJ In progress 0 profiles New Mexico NM Active framework 0 profiles New York NY Comprehensive framework 5 profiles North Carolina NC Active framework 5 profiles North Dakota ND Active framework 1 profile Ohio OH In progress 5 profiles Oklahoma OK In progress 6 profiles Oregon OR Active framework 0 profiles Pennsylvania PA Active framework 2 profiles Rhode Island RI Active framework 1 profile South Carolina SC Active framework 1 profile South Dakota SD Active framework 3 profiles Tennessee TN Active framework 4 profiles Texas TX Active framework 4 profiles Utah UT Active framework 2 profiles Vermont VT Active framework 0 profiles Virginia VA In progress 2 profiles Washington WA Active framework 1 profile West Virginia WV Active framework 0 profiles Wisconsin WI Active framework 1 profile Wyoming WY Comprehensive framework 8 profiles
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Law database

143 law profiles

Law / Bill
Draft Intro Committee Passed Enacted Effective
Ohio Bitcoin Reserve Act (SB 57) SB 57 In committee Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Current Passed Passed: Pending Enacted Enacted: Pending Effective Effective: Pending

Sponsored by Sen. Sandra O'Brien (R)

To amend sections 9.16, 113.40, and 2981.12 and to enact sections 135.146 and 5703.83 of the Revised Code to authorize investment of state funds in bitcoin, to require state entities to accept payment in cryptocurrency, and to name this act the Ohio Bitcoin Reserve Act.

Ohio SB 57 would authorize state bitcoin investment, create an Ohio Bitcoin Reserve Fund, require public entities to accept approved cryptocurrency payments, and set custody, donation, reporting, and forfeiture-transfer rules.

Last action: Jan 29, 2025 - Referred to Senate Financial Institutions, Insurance and Technology Committee.

Profile State source
Michigan HB 4510 Retirement Fund Crypto Investment HB 4510 Introduced Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Current Committee In committee: Pending Passed Passed: Pending Enacted Enacted: Pending Effective Effective: Pending

Sponsored by Bill Schuette (R)

Retirement: other; investment in cryptocurrency by certain retirement funds; allow. Amends 1965 PA 314 (MCL 38.1132 - 38.1141) by adding sec. 19c.

Pending Michigan bill that would let certain public employee retirement systems invest up to 5% of assets in qualifying cryptocurrency through exchange-traded products.

Last action: Mar 11, 2026 - Substitute (H-2) adopted and amended; placed on third reading in the House.

Profile State source
Stablecoin Transparency and Accountability for a Better Ledger Economy Act of 2025 H.R. 2392 Introduced Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Current Committee In committee: Pending Passed Passed: Pending Enacted Enacted: Pending Effective Effective: Pending

Sponsored by Rep. Bryan Steil (R)

Stablecoin Transparency and Accountability for a Better Ledger Economy Act of 2025

House bill H.R. 2392 would create a U.S. framework for payment stablecoin issuers, reserves, disclosures, AML/sanctions duties, and oversight. It was reported in House on May 6, 2025, but was not enacted as H.R. 2392.

Last action: May 6, 2025 - Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 68, after being reported amended by House Financial Services.

Profile H.R. 2392 Congress.gov bill overview
UCC Article 12 Controllable Electronic Records Amendments UCC Amendments (2022); Article 12 Partially effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

Uniform Commercial Code Amendments (2022)

Model UCC amendments creating Article 12 for controllable electronic records and revising Article 9 for digital-asset security interests, effective only in states that enact them.

Last action: Jun 8, 2026 - ULC legislative report by act uploaded June 8, 2026; adoption remains state-by-state.

Profile ULC project page: UCC, 2022 Amendments to
Wisconsin Public Investment Crypto ETF Exposure Regime Wis. Stat. ch. 25; §§ 25.15, 25.17; SEC 13F 028-02519 Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

Wisconsin Statutes Chapter 25 — Trust Funds and Their Management; State Investment Board Authority

Wisconsin’s public investment framework gives SWIB fiduciary authority over trust assets. Spot bitcoin ETF exposure has appeared through SEC 13F filings, not a crypto-specific mandate.

Last action: May 15, 2026 - Latest reviewed Q1 2026 Form 13F was filed for March 31, 2026; no BITCOIN text match appeared in the information table.

Next: Aug 14, 2026 - Next Form 13F review

Profile State source SWIB Statutes and Guidelines Milestone source
Securities Exchange Act Digital Asset Trading Regime 15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.; 17 C.F.R. 240.3b-16; Reg ATS Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as applied to digital asset securities trading platforms

U.S. Exchange Act rules apply to platforms trading digital asset securities through exchange, ATS, broker-dealer, and related registration concepts; CLARITY Act changes remain pending.

Last action: May 14, 2026 - CLARITY Act advanced

Profile Securities Exchange Act of 1934 compilation
Maryland Virtual Currency Kiosk Registration Regime SB 305; SB 741 Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

Sponsored by Sens. Pamela Beidle and Shelly Hettleman (D)

Financial Institutions and Activities – Virtual Currency Kiosks – Registration and Regulation

Maryland’s virtual currency kiosk regime requires operator and kiosk registration, sets transaction and fee limits, mandates disclosures and fraud-refund processes, and adds OFR enforcement rules.

Last action: May 12, 2026 - SB 741 approved by governor as Chapter 417; alterations effective Oct. 1, 2026.

Next: Oct 1, 2026 - SB 741 alterations effective

Profile State source Milestone source
Iowa Digital Financial Asset Transaction Kiosk Fee Law SF 449; amended by SF 2296 Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

Sponsored by Iowa Senate Committee on Technology (Unknown)

Iowa Code § 533C.1004 — Digital financial asset transaction kiosks

Iowa Code § 533C.1004 caps digital financial asset kiosk charges at the greater of $5 or 15%, limits transaction amounts, requires disclosures, receipts, fraud controls and refunds, and gives enforcement authority to the attorney general.

Last action: May 6, 2026 - SF 2296 amendments approved by the Governor; amendments took effect on enactment and apply to civil actions commenced on or after that date.

Profile State source Iowa Code § 533C.1004
Form 1099-DA Digital Asset Proceeds From Broker Transactions IRS Form 1099-DA; IRC §6045; TD 10000 Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

Form 1099-DA, Digital Asset Proceeds From Broker Transactions

IRS Form 1099-DA is used by brokers to report certain digital asset sale and exchange proceeds, with gross proceeds reporting from 2025.

Last action: Apr 30, 2026 - IRS current Form 1099-DA instructions page last reviewed or updated April 30, 2026.

Next: Dec 31, 2026 - Basis-identification relief ends

Profile State source Milestone source
U.S. Virtual Currency Unclaimed Property Amendments ME LD1969; AZ HB2749; CA SB822 Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

State virtual currency and digital asset amendments to unclaimed property laws

State-level U.S. amendments that bring virtual currency and digital assets into unclaimed-property laws, addressing abandonment, custody, liquidation, owner claims, and state handling.

Last action: Apr 13, 2026 - Maine LD 1969 was signed as Public Law Chapter 675; nonemergency laws from the session have a general effective date of Jul. 29, 2026.

Next: Jul 29, 2026 - Maine general effective date

Profile Maine LD 1969 bill record Milestone source

Information is for general purposes only and not legal advice. See full disclaimer.