Policy Reference

European Union

Explore EU crypto laws, including MiCA rules, exchange licensing, stablecoin regulation, taxes, AML compliance, and digital asset oversight.

European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA)
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Law database

8 law profiles

Law / Bill
Draft Intro Committee Passed Enacted In force
EU Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) Regulation (EU) 2022/2554; DORA In force Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed In force In force: Current

Sponsored by European Commission

Regulation (EU) 2022/2554 on digital operational resilience for the financial sector

EU regulation applying from Jan. 17, 2025 that harmonizes ICT risk, incident reporting, resilience testing, ICT third-party risk and critical-provider oversight for financial entities, including MiCA CASPs and ART issuers.

Last action: Jun 3, 2026 - ESAs published the first annual overview of major ICT-related incidents under DORA.

Next: Jan 17, 2028 - Commission DORA review

Profile State source
Germany Crypto Markets Supervision Act (KMAG) BGBl. 2024 I Nr. 438, S. 2; FNA 7610-25 Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed In force In force: Current

Gesetz zur Aufsicht über Märkte für Kryptowerte (Kryptomärkteaufsichtsgesetz – KMAG)

Germany’s KMAG implements national supervision powers for MiCAR, designating BaFin as competent authority and setting German rules for authorization, enforcement, reporting, transition and sanctions.

Last action: Mar 25, 2026 - BRUBEG amendment published

Next: Jul 1, 2026 - KMAnzV notice ordinance applies

Profile FinmadiG / KMAG, BGBl. 2024 I No. 438 Milestone source
DAC8 Crypto-Asset Tax Reporting Directive Council Directive (EU) 2023/2226 In force Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed In force In force: Current

Council Directive (EU) 2023/2226 of 17 October 2023 amending Directive 2011/16/EU on administrative cooperation in the field of taxation

DAC8 expands EU tax administrative cooperation to crypto-assets, requiring reporting crypto-asset service providers to collect and report transaction data for automatic exchange among Member States.

Last action: Jan 1, 2026 - Main application date

Next: Jan 1, 2027 - Pre-existing user self-certification benchmark

Profile Council Directive (EU) 2023/2226
EU Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 In force Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed In force In force: Current

Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 May 2023 on markets in crypto-assets

EU MiCA creates a harmonized framework for crypto-asset issuance, stablecoin issuers, CASPs, disclosures, market integrity, and supervision. Fully applicable since Dec. 30, 2024, with CASP transition ending by July 1, 2026.

Last action: Dec 30, 2024 - General application begins

Next: Jul 1, 2026 - CASP grandfathering outer deadline

Profile Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA)
EU Transfer of Funds Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2023/1113) Regulation (EU) 2023/1113 In force Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed In force In force: Current

Regulation (EU) 2023/1113 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 May 2023 on information accompanying transfers of funds and certain crypto-assets and amending Directive (EU) 2015/849

EU Travel Rule regulation requiring payer/payee and originator/beneficiary information to accompany fund and crypto-asset transfers, including CASP obligations for self-hosted addresses. Applies from Dec. 30, 2024.

Last action: Dec 30, 2024 - Main application date

Next: Jul 1, 2026 - Self-hosted address risk report

Profile Regulation (EU) 2023/1113 official text
France PACTE Initial Coin Offering Visa Regime Loi n° 2019-486, art. 85; former CMF L.552-1–L.552-7 Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed In force In force: Current

Loi n° 2019-486 du 22 mai 2019 relative à la croissance et la transformation des entreprises — régime de visa optionnel des offres au public de jetons

France’s PACTE Law created an optional AMF visa for public offerings of utility tokens, requiring issuer, disclosure, safeguarding and AML controls. The visa regime was replaced by MiCA-era rules from Oct. 18, 2024.

Last action: Dec 30, 2024 - MiCA Offer Framework Applies

Profile PACTE Law Article 85
Regulation (EU) 2023/1113 on information accompanying transfers of funds and certain crypto-assets Regulation (EU) 2023/1113; CELEX 32023R1113 In force Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed In force In force: Current

Regulation (EU) 2023/1113 on information accompanying transfers of funds and certain crypto-assets and amending Directive (EU) 2015/849

EU Regulation 2023/1113 recasts the Transfer of Funds Regulation and applies travel-rule information requirements to transfers of funds and certain crypto-assets.

Last action: Dec 30, 2024 - Regulation became applicable and replaced Regulation (EU) 2015/847.

Next: Jul 1, 2026 - Self-hosted-address report

Profile EUR-Lex Regulation (EU) 2023/1113
EU AML Package: Regulation (EU) 2024/1624 and Directive (EU) 2024/1640 Regulation (EU) 2024/1624; Directive (EU) 2024/1640 In force Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed In force In force: Current

Regulation (EU) 2024/1624 and Directive (EU) 2024/1640 on AML/CFT prevention and Member State mechanisms

EU AML/CFT package pairing directly applicable AMLR rules for obliged entities, including CASPs, with AMLD6 national mechanisms for supervision, FIUs and beneficial ownership registers.

Last action: Jul 9, 2024 - Entry into force

Next: Jul 10, 2026 - AMLD6 BO access transposition

Profile Regulation (EU) 2024/1624 — AMLR Milestone source

Information is for general purposes only and not legal advice. See full disclaimer.