Policy Reference

Russia

Explore Russia’s crypto laws, including exchange restrictions, mining rules, taxes, AML compliance, and digital asset regulation.

Bank of Russia, Central Bank of Russia
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Law database

9 law profiles

Law / Bill
Draft Intro Committee Passed Enacted Effective
Russia Draft Criminal Liability for Unlicensed Digital Currency Activity Russian State Duma Bill No. 1209607-8 In committee Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Current Passed Passed: Pending Enacted Enacted: Pending Effective Effective: Pending

О внесении изменений в Уголовный кодекс Российской Федерации и статью 151 Уголовно-процессуального кодекса Российской Федерации

Russian Bill No. 1209607-8 would create Criminal Code Article 171.7 for unlawfully organizing digital-currency circulation involving large damage or income. It is awaiting first reading; aggravated cases could carry up to seven years’ imprisonment.

Last action: Jun 18, 2026 - Committee recommends first-reading adoption

Next: Jul 1, 2027 - Conditional commencement

Profile State Duma record for Bill No. 1209607-8 Milestone source
Russia’s Illegal Digital Currency Mining Criminal Liability Bill State Duma Bill No. 1193493-8 In committee Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Current Passed Passed: Pending Enacted Enacted: Pending Effective Effective: Pending

Draft Federal Law on Amendments to the Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation

Russian government bill proposing criminal penalties for unregistered digital currency mining or mining-infrastructure services that cause large harm or generate large income. A State Duma committee recommended second-reading passage on June 18, 2026.

Last action: Jun 18, 2026 - Committee advances second-reading text

Profile State Duma bill record — Bill No. 1193493-8
Russia Draft Digital Currency Market Regulation Framework Bill No. 1194918-8; companion Bill No. 1194929-8 In committee Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Current Passed Passed: Pending Enacted Enacted: Pending Effective Effective: Pending

Draft Federal Law No. 1194918-8 “On Digital Currency and Digital Rights”

Russian legislative package proposing a Bank of Russia-supervised market for digital currencies and digital rights, with regulated intermediaries, tiered investor access, mining rules, and continuing limits on domestic crypto payments.

Last action: Apr 21, 2026 - First reading approved

Next: Jul 1, 2026 - Proposed main commencement

Profile State Duma bill page: Bill No. 1194918-8 Milestone source
Bank of Russia Digital Financial Asset Operator Register Regime Bank of Russia Regulation No. 746-P; Federal Law No. 259-FZ Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

Bank of Russia Regulation No. 746-P on the Registers of Information-System and Digital Financial Asset Exchange Operators

Russia’s in-force admission regime for legal entities operating DFA issuance systems or DFA exchanges. The Bank of Russia approves operator rules, verifies eligibility, maintains public registers and may refuse or remove operators under Federal Law No. 259-FZ.

Last action: Jun 23, 2026 - Live registers verified

Profile Federal Law No. 259-FZ official publication
Bank of Russia Digital Financial Asset Exchange Operator Register Regime Regulation No. 746-P; Federal Law No. 259-FZ, Arts. 10-11 Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

Bank of Russia Regulation No. 746-P ‘On Maintaining by the Bank of Russia of the Register of Operators of Information Systems, Which Issue Digital Financial Assets, the Register of Digital Financial Asset Exchange Operators; on the Procedure and Timeframe for Operators of Information Systems, Which Issue Digital Financial Assets, and Digital Financial Asset Exchange Operators to Submit to the Bank of Russia Information on Persons Managing Shares (Stakes) of the Specified Operators, and also on the Procedure for Submitting to and Coordinating with the Bank of Russia Amendments to the Rules of Information Systems, Which Issue Digital Financial Assets, and Amendments to the Rules of Digital Financial Asset Exchange’

The Bank of Russia requires eligible legal entities to obtain approval of DFA exchange rules and entry in the official register before acting as exchange operators, subject to capital, governance, reliability, recordkeeping, and supervisory requirements.

Last action: Jun 19, 2026 - Official register updated

Profile Federal Law No. 259-FZ on Digital Financial Assets and Digital Currency
Federal Law No. 258-FZ: Experimental Legal Regimes in Russia Federal Law No. 258-FZ of July 31, 2020 Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

Об экспериментальных правовых режимах в сфере цифровых и технологических инноваций в Российской Федерации

Russia’s framework for time-limited experimental legal regimes in digital and technological innovation. It covers the financial market and supports Bank of Russia-supervised digital-currency pilots under separate enabling laws.

Last action: Jun 17, 2026 - Federation Council approves 2026 amendments

Profile Official publication of Federal Law No. 258-FZ
Federal Law No. 115-FZ: AML/CFT Regime for Digital Currency Activity Federal Law of August 7, 2001 No. 115-FZ Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

Федеральный закон от 07.08.2001 № 115-ФЗ «О противодействии легализации (отмыванию) доходов, полученных преступным путем, и финансированию терроризма»

Russia’s general AML/CFT statute treats digital currency as property and applies identification, risk-control, reporting, freezing, recordkeeping, and anti-tipping-off duties to specified miners and mining-pool organizers.

Last action: May 12, 2026 - Rosfinmonitoring published updated Article 7.1 memo

Profile Federal Law No. 115-FZ — consolidated legal text
Russia Federal Law No. 259-FZ on Digital Financial Assets and Digital Currency Federal Law No. 259-FZ of July 31, 2020 Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

On Digital Financial Assets, Digital Currency and Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation

Russia’s framework for issuing and trading digital financial assets, supervising registered operators, restricting domestic crypto payments, and regulating mining. In force since Jan. 1, 2021, with amendments through 2025 and a 2026 court ruling.

Last action: Jan 20, 2026 - Constitutional Court qualified Article 14(6)

Profile Federal Law No. 259-FZ — Official Publication
Russia Experimental Legal Regime for Cross-Border Crypto Settlements Federal Law No. 223-FZ (8 Aug. 2024) Effective Details Draft Draft: Completed Intro Introduced: Completed Committee In committee: Completed Passed Passed: Completed Enacted Enacted: Completed Effective Effective: Current

Federal Law No. 223-FZ “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation”

Russia’s 2024 amendments let the Bank of Russia run a limited experimental legal regime for digital-currency settlements in foreign trade.

Last action: Mar 28, 2025 - CBR confirms first ELR launch

Profile Federal Law No. 223-FZ official publication

Information is for general purposes only and not legal advice. See full disclaimer.